Anyone can be an angel sent from God. It could be a homeless person on the side of the street or a murderer. It could be your own sister. In The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne we see Hester’s daughter, Pearl, change from being helpful to her mother to being a danger to her mother throughout the story. Although most would say that Pearl was sent to Hester as a punishment for her sin, evidence shows that she was sent to her mother to help redeem her in the future.
In The Scarlet Letter, Pearl has certain moments where she is seen as a demon sent from the ‘Black Man’ also known as Satan. Many lean towards the argument that Pearl is a demon because of several occasions in the book where she puts her mother in a worse position than she is already in. For example, when the townspeople are trying to decide whether or not to take Pearl away from Hester, Pearl decides to cause mischief. The narrator explains, “But Pearl, who was a dauntless child, after frowning, stamping her foot, and shaking her little hand with a variety of threatening gestures, suddenly made a rush at the knot of her enemies, and put them all to flight. She resembled, in her fierce pursuit of them, an infant pestilence-the scarlet fever, or some half-fledged angel of judgment-whose mission was to punish the sins of the rising generation” (Hawthorne 58). We see how Pearl stands up for herself and her mother, which would normally be a good thing, but in this case it wasn’t smart because it made Hester look like she couldn’t control the wild child. This suggests that Pearl could be seen as a demon because she made her mother look bad, which almost caused her to lose Pearl for good.
As the story progresses there are other times where Pearl seems to make her mother’s situation even worse. When Pearl is asked what she was made from at the mansion of Governor Bellingham, she disobeys her mother by responding with an answer that they had not rehearsed before. Unfortunately Pearl, “After putting her finger in her mouth, with many ungracious refusals to answer good Mr. Wilson’s question, the child finally announced that she had not been made at all, but had been plucked by her mother off the bush of wild roses that grew by the prison door” (Hawthorne 63). When Pearl says that she was ‘plucked’ off a bush of roses we see her blatantly disobey her mother, who had taught her for years that she was made from God. Pearl putting her fingers in her mother shows immaturity in her which is related to why she is so mischievous. This is dangerous for Hester because it is another example where Pearl is acting like a demon child which makes readers dislike Pearl even more.
Although Pearl has many moments in the book where she is seen as a danger to Hester, there are also several times where we see her play an important positive role in her mother’s life. No one can be considered an actual angel because everyone has faults in his or her life. For Pearl, there are many experiences in her life where her actions help Hester by redeeming her along with protecting her. We see this occur when Hester and Pearl are in the graveyard and Chillingworth is staring at them from inside his house. Pearl says, “Come away, mother! Come away, or yonder old Black Man will catch you! He hath got hold of the minister already. Come away, mother, or he will catch you! But he cannot catch little Pearl” (Hawthorne 76). This is a prime example where Pearl senses that Chillingworth is bad, and she warns her mother of him. She refers to him as the ‘black man’ or Satan because he has control over Dimmesdale and she wants to protect her mother from him. In this moment we see Pearl as more of a sweet child than a devil.
Another time we see Pearl working in Hester’s favor is when she, Hester, and Dimmesdale are all on the scaffolding together. Pearl decides to call Dimmesdale out for mistakes which shows her strength and loyalty to her mother because she wants Dimmesdale to be accountable for his actions: “‘What wouldst thou say, child?’ asked Mr. Dimmesdale. ‘Wilt thou stand here with mother and me, to-morrow noontide?’ inquired Pearl. ‘Nay; not so, my little Pearl,’ answered the minister…‘not so, my child. I shall, indeed, stand with thy mother and thee one other day, but not tomorrow.’ Pearl laughed and attempted to pull away her hand. But the minister held it fast” (Hawthorne 86). Pearl tries to pull her hand away from Dimmesdale because she is not happy with his answer, but he holds tight to her hand and won’t let it go. She doesn’t understand why he will hold their hands now, but wouldn’t do it in public the next day, which prompts her to ask him repeatedly why he won’t. Because Pearl is a child, she is not afraid nor cares about what she says; therefore, she asks the questions that Hester cannot. By pulling away she is defying Dimmesdale and being loyal to her mother, which in turn strengthens her mother.
One final example of how Pearl is Hester’s saving grace is when Mistress Hibbins invites Hester into the forest. Hester replies, “ ‘I must tarry at home, and keep watch over my little Pearl. Had they taken her from me, I would willingly have gone with thee into the forest, and signed my name in the Black Man’s book too, and that with mine own blood!’”(Hawthorne 66). Hester doesn’t go into the woods and join the devil because now she has Pearl to look after. The little child everyone calls a devil actually, in fact, saved her mother from joining Mistress Hibbins in the forest and becoming a witch associated with the devil.
Throughout The Scarlet Letter Pearl, is constantly changing from being the devil to being an angel. This is like every other child as they are growing up. Although Pearl has many moments where she portrays herself as the devil, we see deep down how she has a heart that is willing to protect her mother at all costs. Not only does she stick up for her mother when they are made fun of, but she also asks questions that her mother cannot to make other people responsible for their actions. Based on the evidence given, readers are able to see that overall Pearl is a more positive influence on her mother rather than negative; because, she saves Hester from letting her life fall completely into shambles.